3D Plasma modeling

A large part of my research involves simulating the plasma of the auroral atmosphere in three dimensions. I make use of the state-of-the-art model named the Geospace Environment Model of Ion-Neutral Interactions (GEMINI) developed in large part by Matthew D. Zettergren (ERAU), Josh Semeter (BU), Jonathan B. Snively (ERAU), and Michael Hirsch (BU). This is a multi-fluid (6 ions + electrons), quasi-electrostatic model which, in brief, calculates the conductivity volume of the upper atmosphere by updating the state variables of each constituent fluid in time. With this, it determines the electric currents surrounding auroral atmosphere using the electric field drivers and Ohm's law.

Electric Currents in Aurorae

Aside from the GEMINI setup and driver tools I've developed, I have also invented a technique for visualizing the rich data output volumes. Understanding "how currents close" intuitively requires a rendering of the complex 3D vector field that is current density. Using the GEMINI enforced condition of divergence-free currents, and utilizing the mathematical properties of streamlines, I generate current flux tubes. These tubes are, in essence, electrical wires carrying a single amperage. They enable us to determine where a patch of magnetospheric current enters, and ends up exiting, the atmosphere.

For more information and details on the figures to the left, feel free to read our paper!